/* CSS Variables */
:root {
    --primary-color: #003366;
    --secondary-color: #176bb3;
    --accent-color: #0066cc;
    --text-color: #333333;
    --light-bg: #f8f9fa;
    --white: #ffffff;
    --gray: #6c757d;
    --light-gray: #e9ecef;
    --border-radius: 8px;
    --shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-hover: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    --transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    color: var(--text-color);
    line-height: 1.6;
    background-color: var(--white);
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4 {
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar {
    background: var(--white);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    height: 70px;
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    height: 100%;
}

.logo-text {
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    gap: 30px;
}

.nav-link {
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--gray);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.nav-link:hover, .nav-link.active {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: none;
    border: none;
}

.hamburger {
    display: block;
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    position: relative;
}

.hamburger::before, .hamburger::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.hamburger::before { top: -8px; }
.hamburger::after { bottom: -8px; }

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    padding: 120px 0 60px;
    background: #0b2545; /* Dark navy for high contrast */
    min-height: auto;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    color: var(--white);
}

.hero-bg-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: url('assests/Development of Scaling Laws for Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer/2.jpeg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    opacity: 0.1;
    filter: grayscale(1) brightness(0.4);
    z-index: 0;
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 60px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    width: 100%;
}

.hero-text {
    flex: 1;
}

.hero-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    color: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    color: #ffffff;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #4facfe; /* Bright blue for visibility */
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
}

.hero-description {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    max-width: 600px;
}

.hero-description strong {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.hero-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: #ffffff;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.hero-link:hover {
    background: #ffffff;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.hero-image-container {
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.profile-img {
    width: 260px;
    height: 260px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    box-shadow: 0 0 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
    border: 4px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
}

/* Sections */
.section {
    padding: 80px 0;
}

.compact-section {
    padding: 40px 0;
}

.section-alt {
    background: var(--light-bg);
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    position: relative;
}

.section-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -15px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--secondary-color);
}

/* Research Interests Grid */
.interests-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.interest-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.interest-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.interest-card i {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.interest-card h3 {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.interest-sub {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: 5px;
}

/* Research Cards */
.research-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.research-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 40px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: var(--transition);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    z-index: 1;
}

.research-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--secondary-color);
}

.research-image-bg {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    opacity: 0.05;
    z-index: -1;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.research-card:hover .research-image-bg {
    opacity: 0.1;
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.research-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--secondary-color), var(--accent-color));
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.research-icon i {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--white);
}

/* Gallery */
.gallery-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 25px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.gallery-item {
    position: relative;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    aspect-ratio: 4/3;
}

.gallery-item img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.gallery-caption {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    padding: 15px;
    background: rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.9);
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transform: translateY(100%);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.gallery-item:hover .gallery-caption {
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.gallery-item:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

/* Pipeline Section */
.pipeline-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.pipeline-step {
    flex: 1;
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    position: relative;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.pipeline-step:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.step-num {
    position: absolute;
    top: -15px;
    left: -15px;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

/* Quick Stats */
.section-stats {
    position: relative;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.95), rgba(23, 107, 179, 0.95)), 
                url('assests/Experimental_CFD_DEM/5.jpg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 100px 0;
}

.stats-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 40px;
    text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

/* Spotlight Section */
.spotlight {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 60px 0;
}

.spotlight-flex {
    display: flex;
    gap: 50px;
    align-items: center;
}

.spotlight-image { flex: 1; }
.spotlight-content { flex: 1.2; }

.spotlight-image img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.spotlight-impact {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    margin: 20px 0;
}

.impact-item {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--gray);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    flex: 1;
    text-align: center;
}

.impact-item strong {
    display: block;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.spotlight-stats {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.spotlight-stats span {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--gray);
}

.spotlight-stats i {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-right: 8px;
}

/* Slide Gallery & Thumbnails */
.slide-gallery {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.gallery-thumb {
    width: 100%;
    height: 120px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 4px;
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.gallery-thumb:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
}

/* Tutorial Page Styles */
.tutorials-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-top: 30px;
}

.tutorial-row {
    display: flex;
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: var(--transition);
    align-items: center;
}

.tutorial-row:hover {
    transform: translateX(10px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.tutorial-info {
    flex: 3;
    padding: 25px;
}

.tutorial-visual {
    flex: 1;
    background: #f8f9fa;
}

.tutorial-visual img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 150px;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.code-badge {
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-family: monospace;
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 80px 0 40px;
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.footer-section h4 {
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.footer-section p, .footer-section ul li {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    opacity: 0.8;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.social-links a {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.social-links a:hover {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.footer-bottom {
    text-align: center;
    padding-top: 40px;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    opacity: 0.6;
}

/* Page Header */
.page-header {
    position: relative;
    padding: 120px 0 60px;
    background: #0b2545; /* Match hero background */
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--white);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.page-header::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: url('assests/Development of Scaling Laws for Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer/2.jpeg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    opacity: 0.1;
    filter: grayscale(1) brightness(0.4);
    z-index: 0;
}

.page-header .container {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.page-header h1 { 
    font-size: 2.8rem; 
    margin-bottom: 10px; 
    color: var(--white);
    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}

.page-header p { 
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9); 
    max-width: 800px; 
    margin: 0 auto; 
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .hero-content, .spotlight-flex {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .hero-text {
        order: 2;
    }
    
    .hero-image-container {
        order: 1;
    }
    
    .hero-description {
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
    }

    .pipeline-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 40px;
    }
}

/* YouTube Tutorial Page Enhanced */
.yt-cover {
    position: relative;
    padding: 160px 0 100px;
    background: linear-gradient(rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.85), rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.85)), 
                url('assests/Numerical study of bouncing Leidenfrost viscoplastic drops/animation/viscoplastic.gif');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    color: var(--white);
    text-align: center;
}

.yt-header-content {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.yt-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 6px 16px;
    background: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.yt-cta {
    margin-top: 40px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 25px;
}

.yt-subscribe-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 16px 40px;
    background: #FF0000;
    color: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.3);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.yt-subscribe-btn:hover {
    background: #cc0000;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.4);
    color: #ffffff;
}

.yt-stats {
    display: flex;
    gap: 40px;
}

.yt-stats span {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
}

.yt-stats i {
    color: #4facfe;
}

/* Tutorial Rows Polish */
.tutorial-row {
    display: flex;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: var(--transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
}

.tutorial-row:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.tutorial-visual {
    flex: 1;
    min-height: 200px;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.tutorial-visual img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.code-visual {
    background: var(--primary-color);
}

.tutorial-info {
    flex: 2;
    padding: 40px;
}

.tut-meta {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.tutorial-info h3 {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.watch-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-top: 20px;
    color: #FF0000;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.watch-link:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Cards */
.tutorial-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 40px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.tut-card-icon {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.card-link {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 15px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .navbar { height: 60px; }
    .nav-toggle { display: block; }
    .nav-menu { display: none; }
    .nav-menu.active {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        position: absolute;
        top: 60px;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background: var(--white);
        box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
        padding: 20px 0;
        z-index: 999;
    }
    .nav-menu.active .nav-item {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 10px 0;
    }
    .hero-title { font-size: 2.2rem; }
    .tutorial-row { flex-direction: column; }
    .tutorial-visual img { height: 200px; width: 100%; border-left: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--light-gray); }
    
    .yt-stats {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 10px;
    }
}

/* Animations */
.animate-in {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: translateY(0) !important;
}

/* ------------------------------------- */
/* Projects & Publications Custom Styles */
/* ------------------------------------- */

/* Slider for Publications */
.slider-container {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 20px 0;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}
.slider {
    display: flex;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out;
}
.slide {
    min-width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    padding: 20px;
}
.slide-flex, .slide > .slide-content {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    padding: 40px;
    position: relative;
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    margin-top: 20px;
}
.slide-flex {
    display: flex;
    gap: 40px;
    align-items: center;
}
.slide-number {
    font-size: 6rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--light-gray);
    position: absolute;
    top: -30px;
    left: -10px;
    z-index: 0;
    opacity: 0.3;
}
.slide-content {
    flex: 1;
    z-index: 1;
}
.slide-image {
    flex: 1;
    z-index: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px;
}
.slide-image img:not(.gallery-thumb) {
    width: 100%;
    max-height: 380px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    object-fit: contain;
    background: var(--white);
}
.image-caption {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--gray);
    text-align: center;
    font-style: italic;
    margin-top: 10px;
}
.slide-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    line-height: 1.3;
}
.slide-content .authors {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.slide-content .journal {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}
.highlights h4 {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}
.highlights ul {
    list-style-type: disc;
    padding-left: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}
.highlights ul li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}
.abstract {
    color: var(--gray);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    background: var(--light-bg);
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}
.slide-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 12px 24px;
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.slide-link:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    color: var(--white);
}

/* Slider Nav */
.slider-nav {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-top: 10px;
}
.slider-btn {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    transition: var(--transition);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}
.slider-btn:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}
.slider-dots {
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
}
.dot {
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--light-gray);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.dot.active {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    transform: scale(1.3);
}

/* Projects Grid */
.projects-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 20px;
}
.project-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: var(--transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
}
.project-image {
    height: 280px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
}
.project-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}
.project-card:hover .project-image img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}
.project-content {
    padding: 30px;
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.project-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}
.project-content p {
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    flex: 1;
    line-height: 1.7;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}
.project-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-top: auto;
}
.project-tag {
    background: var(--light-bg);
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    padding: 6px 14px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.project-tag:hover {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--white);
}

/* GitHub Repos */
.github-repos {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 25px;
    margin-top: 30px;
}
.repo-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.repo-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
}
.repo-card h4 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}
.repo-card p {
    color: var(--gray);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}
.repo-stats {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    color: var(--gray);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}
.repo-stats span {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
}

/* Timeline */
.timeline {
    position: relative;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 40px auto 0;
    padding: 20px 0;
}
.timeline::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 20px;
    height: 100%;
    width: 3px;
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    opacity: 0.2;
}
.timeline-item {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 60px;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}
.timeline-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}
.timeline-date {
    position: absolute;
    left: -1px;
    top: 0;
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    z-index: 1;
    border: 4px solid var(--light-bg);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
.timeline-content {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.timeline-content:hover {
    transform: translateX(5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
}
.timeline-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.conference-name {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.timeline-content p:not(.conference-name) {
    color: var(--gray);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Responsive adjustments for new elements */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .slide-flex {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
    }
    .timeline::before {
        left: 15px;
    }
    .timeline-date {
        width: 35px;
        height: 35px;
        font-size: 0.7rem;
        left: -2px;
    }
    .timeline-item {
        padding-left: 45px;
    }
}

/* ------------------------------------- */
/* Tutorials Custom Styles               */
/* ------------------------------------- */
.tutorials-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 40px;
}
.tutorial-row {
    display: flex;
    gap: 40px;
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    padding: 30px;
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    align-items: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.tutorial-row:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
}
.tutorial-visual {
    flex: 0 0 45%;
    position: relative;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    overflow: hidden;
}
.tutorial-visual img {
    width: 100%;
    display: block;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}
.tutorial-visual:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}
.play-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
    color: white;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.tutorial-visual:hover .play-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
    background: #ff0000; /* YouTube Red */
}
.tutorial-info {
    flex: 1;
}
.tut-meta {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    background: var(--light-bg);
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
}
.tutorial-info h3 {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}
.tutorial-info p {
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    line-height: 1.7;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}
.watch-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 12px 24px;
    background: #ff0000; /* YouTube Red */
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.watch-link:hover {
    background: #cc0000;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.3);
    color: var(--white);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .tutorial-row {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
    }
    .tutorial-visual {
        flex: 100%;
        width: 100%;
    }
}

/* Tutorials Grid */
.tutorials-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 30px;
}
.tutorial-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    padding: 30px;
    border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    transition: var(--transition);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.tutorial-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
}
.tut-card-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: var(--light-bg);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.tutorial-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.tutorial-content p {
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    flex: 1;
}
.card-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.card-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    gap: 12px;
}

/* Video Card specific overrides */
.video-card {
    padding: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.video-card .tutorial-visual {
    flex: none;
    width: 100%;
}
.video-card .tutorial-visual img {
    border-radius: var(--border-radius) var(--border-radius) 0 0;
}
.video-card .tutorial-content {
    padding: 20px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.video-card .video-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    flex: 1;
}

/* Watch More Button */
.watch-more-container {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 50px;
}
.btn-watch-more {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    background: #ff0000;
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.btn-watch-more:hover {
    background: #cc0000;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(255,0,0,0.3);
    color: white;
}
/* Watch Video link white override */
.video-card .watch-link,
.video-card .card-link {
    color: #ffffff !important;
    background: #ff0000;
    padding: 8px 18px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
}
.video-card .watch-link:hover,
.video-card .card-link:hover {
    background: #cc0000;
    color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* === Disable scroll-triggered opacity animations === */
.interest-card, .research-card, .project-card, .tutorial-card,
.gallery-item, .timeline-item, .repo-card, .stat-item,
.section-title, .slide, .blog-card, .conf-card {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: none !important;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, background 0.3s ease !important;
}
/* Re-enable hover transforms only */
.project-card:hover, .research-card:hover, .interest-card:hover,
.tutorial-card:hover, .blog-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px) !important;
}